What Is a Brain Tumor? Comprehensive Guide to Signs and Treatment

According to the American Brain Tumor Association, around 1.3 million Americans are currently living with a brain tumor, and every year, about 900,000 people are diagnosed with a primary brain tumor. A diagnosis can be overwhelming, leaving patients and their loved ones feeling uncertain about what lies ahead.

At the Connecticut Brain Tumor Alliance (CTBTA), we each have been touched by this diagnosis and understand these challenges and are dedicated to providing hope and support to brain tumor patients, caregivers, and families.

In this blog post, we will walk you through the basics of brain tumors, from common symptoms to treatment options. Whether you or someone you care for has been diagnosed, we're here to guide you and connect you to resources that can help.

What Is a Brain Tumor?

A brain tumor is a mass or growth of abnormal cells in or around the brain. These tumors can be categorized as either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).

Benign tumors generally grow slowly and may not spread to other areas, however, they can still cause pressure on the brain and lead to health problems. Malignant tumors, on the other hand, are cancerous and can grow more aggressively, sometimes spreading to other parts of the body.

Brain tumors can develop at any age and affect people in different ways depending on their size and location in the brain. They are classified as either primary (originating in the brain) or secondary (spreading to the brain from another part of the body).

While a brain tumor diagnosis can feel overwhelming, understanding the types of brain tumors and how they affect the body is the first step toward getting the right treatment and support.

Common Signs and Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of a brain tumor can vary depending on its size, type, and location within the brain. One of the most common symptoms is persistent headaches that worsen over time, especially in the morning.

Seizures, even in people with no history of them, can also be a sign. Other symptoms include nausea or vomiting, particularly in the early morning hours.

Vision problems, such as blurry or double vision, may occur, along with difficulty with balance or coordination. Some individuals experience cognitive or personality changes, such as:

• Confusion
• Memory loss
• Mood swings

Weakness or numbness in one part of the body, such as the arms or legs, can also be an indicator. It's important to note that these symptoms can be caused by many conditions, not just brain tumors. However, if you notice any of these signs, especially if they persist, it's important to consult a doctor for further evaluation.

Diagnosing a Brain Tumor

Brain tumor diagnosis begins with a physical examination and a review of the patient's symptoms. If a brain tumor is suspected, doctors may use imaging tests like an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or CT (Computed Tomography) scan. These tests provide detailed images of the brain, allowing doctors to see if there are any abnormal growths.

In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary. This involves taking a small sample of the tumor to examine under a microscope, which helps doctors determine if the tumor is benign or malignant. Blood tests and neurological exams may also be part of the diagnostic process to assess overall brain function.

The bottom line is that early detection is important, as it can lead to more treatment options and potentially better outcomes.

Brain Tumor Treatment Options

Treatment options for brain tumors vary based on the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. One of the most common treatments is surgery, where doctors attempt to remove as much of the tumor as safely possible. In some cases, the entire tumor can be removed, while in others, only part can be safely taken out.

Radiation therapy is another option, which uses high-energy rays to target and kill tumor cells. Chemotherapy, which involves using drugs to destroy cancer cells, may be used alongside other treatments, especially for malignant tumors. Some patients may benefit from targeted therapy, which focuses on specific molecules within the tumor cells to stop their growth.

Clinical trials are also available for those who qualify, offering access to the latest treatment options. Each treatment plan is personalized, and doctors work closely with patients to decide the best approach for their individual cases.

Living with a Brain Tumor Diagnosis

Living with a brain tumor diagnosis can be emotionally and physically challenging for both patients and their families. It's important to build a support system that includes loved ones, medical professionals, and organizations like CTBTA.

Managing daily life may require adjusting to new routines and dealing with treatment side effects, but staying connected with a community of support can make a big difference.

At CTBTA, we offer resources to help patients navigate their diagnosis and provide guidance for caregivers. Whether through support groups, educational materials, or emotional support, no one has to face this journey alone.

CTBTA's Role in Awareness, Research, and Support

Here at CTBTA, we are committed to raising awareness about brain tumors, advancing research, and providing critical support to patients and caregivers. Our organization works to improve the quality of care for those affected by brain tumors while promoting education and awareness in the community.

Through fundraising and events, we support innovative research efforts that aim to find better treatments and, ultimately, a cure. We also offer resources and programs designed to help patients and families navigate the challenges of a brain tumor diagnosis. From emotional support to practical guidance, we are here to make sure no one feels alone.

By donating, volunteering, or sponsoring our events, you can join us in making a meaningful impact on brain tumor awareness, research, and the lives of patients and caregivers in need.

Your Guide to Brain Tumors and Community Support

A brain tumor diagnosis can be overwhelming, but you don't have to face it alone. At CTBTA, we're here to provide hope, support, and resources to patients and caregivers.

Reach out to us for guidance, explore our programs, or join our mission to advance research and raise awareness. Whether through donations, volunteering, or sponsorship, your involvement makes a real difference. Together, we can fight brain tumors and support those affected.